Causes and Symptoms of Acne
Definition
From a medical point of view, acne is a very common dermatosis caused by an inflammation of the pilosebaceous follicles, which is induced by the bacterium Propionibacterium Acnes and/or by a change in hormones. Researchers have discovered the entire genome of this bacterium, which could lead to even more specifically targeted drugs in the future.
Its most common form, juvenile acne, affects about 80% of teenagers, healing spontaneously around the age of 19. In 90% of cases, it leaves no scars.
Bacteria play a central role in the appearance of acne, an antibacterial being an excellent therapy (e.g. benzoyl peroxide).
Acne should be properly treated because it can leave scars and lead to psychological problems such as depression, isolation and loss of confidence.
Note that there are different forms of acne (acne juvenile, acne rosacea) and only a doctor (dermatologist) may make a correct diagnosis and suggest an appropriate therapy.
Causes of acne
Depending on the type of acne causes can be different:
Main causes of juvenile acne are hormonal disorders: During puberty the sebaceous secretion that is induced by the androgens (male sex hormones, especially testosterone) and estrogens (female sex hormones) increases significantly and influence the skin condition.
Acne (juvenile or not) has a high hereditary incidence (genetic influence). For example, if both parents have acne, the child has a 60% chance of having acne.
Multiple causes may be behind other forms of acne and even juvnile acne. Note the importance of bacteria: Propionibacterium acnes or the stress that can promote acne through increased production of sebum.
Here are more situations or factors that can promote acne:
Excessive exposure to sunlight (first the acne may decrease but after a few days or during spring time, when sun is less intense, acne may return with more vigor)
Excessive sweating, perspiration. In fact, some people find that when they go to dance or practice fitness acne tends to increase.
Acne can come in various forms. Most of the time, however, it appears in the form of blackheads or whiteheads (red or white buttons) on the skin.
In severe cases, the bumps can become large nodules, in which case medication is needed quickly to avoid scarring.
The buttons of acne are usually located on the face, upper back or chest.